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Pizza is a flatbread generally topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven. It is commonly topped with a selection of meats, vegetables and condiments. The term was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from Gaeta in Central Italy.〔 The modern pizza was invented in Naples, Italy, and the dish and its variants have since become popular in many areas of the world. In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was safeguarded in the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.〔Official Journal of the European Union, (Commission regulation (EU) No 97/2010 ), 5 February 2010〕〔International Trademark Association, (European Union: Pizza napoletana obtains "Traditional Speciality Guaranteed" status ), 1 April 2010〕 The Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana (the True Neapolitan Pizza Association) is a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples. It promotes and protects the "true Neapolitan pizza".〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.pizzanapoletana.org/eng_chisiamo.php )〕 Pizza is sold fresh, frozen or in portions. Various types of ovens are used to cook them and many varieties exist. Several similar dishes are prepared from ingredients commonly used in pizza preparation, such as calzone and stromboli. It is a popular fast food item. ==Etymology== The origin of the word ''pizza'' is uncertain. The term "pizza" first appeared "in a Latin text from the southern Italy town of Gaeta in 997 AD, which states that a tenant of certain property is to give the bishop of Gaeta ''duodecim pizze'' ("twelve pizzas") every Christmas Day, and another twelve every Easter Sunday".〔Salvatore Riciniello (1987) ''Codice Diplomatico Gaetano'', Vol. I, La Poligrafica〕 Suggested etymologies include: * The Ancient Greek word πικτή (''pikte''), "fermented pastry", which in Latin became "picta", and Late Latin ''pitta'' > ''pizza''. Compare Greek pita bread and the Apulia and Calabrian ''pitta''. * The Ancient Greek word πίσσα (''pissa'', Attic πίττα, ''pitta''), "pitch", or ''pḗtea'', "bran" (''pētítēs'', "bran bread"). * The Italian word ''pizzicare'' meaning "to pluck", which refers to pizza being plucked quickly from the oven (''pizzicare'' was derived from an older Italian word ''pizzo'' meaning "point"). * The Old High German word ''bizzo'' or ''pizzo'' meaning "mouthful" (related to the English words "bit" and "bite"), which was brought to Italy in the middle of the 6th century AD by the invading Lombards.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pizza」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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